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Support projects that inform risk assessments and medical countermeasure development.

Coordinate a surveillance network for vector-borne and zoonotic pathogens conduct surveillance activities that include multidisciplinary vector-borne pathogen surveillance that incorporate human, animal, vector, and ecological monitoring to identify human cases and detect novel pathogens in arthropod vectors and reservoir hosts.Provide timely, accurate, and actionable FVBI surveillance data for decision makers within the Department of Defense and global public health community.Other current threats include chikungunya and Zika viruses, which have spread to the Western Hemisphere and placed garrisoned and deployed troops at increased risk for infection. More recently, malaria outbreaks have occurred among marines deployed to Liberia in 2003 ( Plasmodium falciparum) and in a rotational unit deployed to the Republic of Korea in 2015 ( Plasmodium vivax). Historical examples of the impact of vector-borne diseases on military operations include malaria, scrub typhus, and dengue during World War II and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome during the Korean War. The limited diagnostic and treatment options available for these pathogens, particularly in the austere and unstable environments typical of military operations, increase the threat. Those pathogens comprise at least two-thirds of the 57 top infectious disease threats to Defense Department personnel as identified by the 2019 Military Infectious Diseases Research Program (MIDRP) Infectious Disease Threat Prioritization Panel.

Vector-borne and zoonotic pathogens are often associated with undifferentiated febrile illness, making them difficult to distinguish clinically and creating challenges for diagnosis and control. Importance of FVBI Surveillance within the U.S.